Spring Boot 3.x Web Application Example

Spring Boot 3.x Web Application Example

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Spring Boot has revolutionized Java development by simplifying the process of building robust web applications. In this blog post, we’ll walk through creating a simple Spring Boot 3.x Web Application. This example will highlight best practices, ensure SEO optimization, and provide clear, easy-to-understand explanations.

What is Spring Boot?

Spring Boot is a powerful framework that enables developers to create stand-alone, production-grade Spring-based applications with minimal configuration. It offers features like embedded servers, auto-configuration, and starter dependencies, which streamline the development process.

Prerequisites

Before we start, ensure you have the following installed:

  • Java Development Kit (JDK) 17 or later
  • Maven (for dependency management)
  • An IDE (such as IntelliJ IDEA or Eclipse)

Setting Up the Spring Boot Application

Step 1: Create a New Spring Boot Project

You can quickly generate a Spring Boot project using the Spring Initializr:

  1. Select Project: Choose Maven Project.
  2. Select Language: Choose Java.
  3. Spring Boot Version: Select 3.x (latest stable version).
  4. Project Metadata:
    • Group: com.javadzone
    • Artifact: spring-boot-web-example
    • Name: spring-boot-web-example
    • Package Name: com.javadzone.springbootweb
  5. Add Dependencies:
    • Spring Web
    • Spring Boot DevTools (for automatic restarts)
    • Thymeleaf (for server-side template rendering)

Click Generate to download the project zip file. Unzip it and open it in your IDE.

Step 2: Project Structure

Your project structure should look like this:

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spring-boot-web-example
├── src
│   └── main
│       ├── java
│       │   └── com
│       │       └── javadzone
│       │           └── springbootweb
│       │               ├── SpringBootWebExampleApplication.java
│       │               └── controller
│       │                   └── HomeController.java
│       └── resources
│           ├── static
│           ├── templates
│           │   └── home.html
│           └── application.properties
└── pom.xml

Step 3: Create the Main Application Class

Open SpringBootWebExampleApplication.java and add the @SpringBootApplication annotation. This annotation enables auto-configuration and component scanning.

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package com.javadzone.springbootweb;
 
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
 
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBootWebExampleApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringBootWebExampleApplication.class, args);
    }
}

Step 4: Create a Controller

Next, create a new class HomeController.java in the controller package to handle web requests.

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package com.javadzone.springbootweb.controller;
 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
 
@Controller
public class HomeController {
 
    @GetMapping("/")
    public String home(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("message", "Welcome to Spring Boot Web Application!");
        return "home"; // This refers to home.html in templates
    }
}

Step 5: Create a Thymeleaf Template

Create a new file named home.html in the src/main/resources/templates directory. This file will define the HTML structure for your homepage.

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Spring Boot Web Example</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1 th:text="${message}">Welcome!</h1>
    <footer>
        <p>© 2024 Spring Boot Web Application</p>
    </footer>
</body>
</html>

Step 6: Configure Application Properties

In the application.properties file located in src/main/resources, you can configure your application settings. Here’s a simple configuration to set the server port:

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server.port=8080

Step 7: Run the Application

To run the application, navigate to your project directory and use the following command:

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./mvnw spring-boot:run

If you’re using Windows, use:

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mvnw.cmd spring-boot:run

Step 8: Access the Application

Open your web browser and navigate to http://localhost:8080. You should see the message “Welcome to Spring Boot Web Application!” displayed on the page.

Spring Boot 3.x Web Application Example

Best Practices

  1. Use @RestController for REST APIs: When creating RESTful services, use @RestController instead of @Controller.
  2. Handle Exceptions Globally: Implement a global exception handler using @ControllerAdvice to manage exceptions consistently.
  3. Externalize Configuration: Keep sensitive data and environment-specific configurations outside your codebase using application.properties or environment variables.
  4. Implement Logging: Use SLF4J with Logback for logging throughout your application.
  5. Write Tests: Always write unit and integration tests for your components to ensure reliability.

Conclusion

Congratulations! You’ve built a simple web application using Spring Boot 3.x. This example demonstrated how easy it is to set up a Spring Boot application, handle web requests, and render HTML using Thymeleaf. With the foundation in place, you can now expand this application by adding features like databases, security, and more.

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